Importance of Character in Homers Odyssey Essay - 1121 Words

Importance of Character in Homers Odyssey nbsp; Odyssey, by Homer, is about Odysseus, the king of Ithaca.nbsp; Odysseus fights in the Trojan War and wins.nbsp; He travels towards Ithaca but does not reach it because he is not in favor of Poseidon, god of the sea, who prevents his return.nbsp; For many years, Odysseus wanders the seas and has many adventures.nbsp; Meanwhile, suitors attempt to marry Penelope, Odysseus wife, but she remains faithful to her husband.nbsp; The gods pity Odysseus and assist in his safe return to Ithaca. Though Odysseus has the help of the gods, his personal qualities contribute to his survival in the seas and the return to his family in Ithaca.nbsp; Odysseus personal qualities of bravery,†¦show more content†¦nbsp; nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp; Another quality that enables Odysseus to return home and restore his kingdom is self-discipline.nbsp; Menelaus gives one testimony to his self-discipline.nbsp; He tells Telemachus, Odysseus son, about Odysseus army that hid inside a wooden horse.nbsp; The horse was taken inside the enemy walls of Troy.nbsp; Everyone inside the horse wanted to say something but Odysseus was patient and did not say anything, nor did he let anyone else say a word.nbsp; Anticles would have said a word, according to Menalaus, but Odysseus held his two hands tight over the mans mouth, and saved the whole nation (line #).nbsp; Odysseus made the plan of the wooden horse successful with his self-discipline.nbsp; Another example of Odysseuss discipline is shown when he meets Nausicaa.nbsp; Odysseus is caught in a storm at sea and undergoes much suffering until Athena and a sea nymph help himShow MoreRelatedTheme Of Violence In The Odyssey1025 Words   |à ‚  5 Pages The Odyssey by Homer is a literary classic that presents many themes about the natures of both man and god. Although the characters of the book display characteristics relatable to those of the people today, one of the most prevalent differences between the two eras and their people is the intense violence that takes place throughout the entirety of the epic. This violence serves several functions in the work as a whole. The violence that is enacted upon the characters of The Odyssey serve as aRead MoreThe Impacts Of The Odyssey In Homers The Odyssey1166 Words   |  5 PagesHomer’s epic poem The Odyssey follows Odysseus on his long journey home. The Epic also includes the stories of Odysseus’ family left behind: the travels of his son, Telemachus, and how plenty, of what we would now call â€Å"home wreckers†, suitors pressured his wife, Penelope, into marrying one of them. The characters are beautifully crafted and the story is truly epic. All the elements presented can bring in any reader from any century, the Cyclops, the Gods, the trickery of Penelope, and the disguisesRead More Elements of Homers Odyssey in the Coen Brothers Oh Brother Where Art Thou646 Words   |  3 PagesThe Coen Brothers’ â€Å"Oh Brother Where Art Thou?†, loosely based on Homer’s classic adventure The Odyssey, is a film amusingly filled with themes of symbolism similar to those found in Homer’s epic, while still maintaining a sense of originality and style that they have become so renowned for. An exciting and entertaining blend of high adventure, humour, and heartfelt emotion, at first glance, the film barely resembles Homer’s poem: only certain elements are obvious, such as the main character’s nameRead More Essay on the Double Meanings of The Odyssey995 Words   |  4 PagesThe Double Meanings of The Odyssey      Ã‚     Throughout Homers The Odyssey, there are a number of tangible symbols that are used to represent abstract ideas. I would like to suggest that each symbol that Homer uses within The Odyssey has two clear meanings. The double meanings of these symbols are used to represent Odysseus and Telemachus as they strive to meet each other. While each symbol has a meaning that represents the growth of Telemachus, each one also represents, by another meaning, theRead More Essay on Names in The Odyssey and The Bible1634 Words   |  7 Pages Importance of Names in The Odyssey and The Bible      Ã‚   Two of the most widely studied ancient works are Homer’s Odyssey and the book of Genesis from the Bible.   Each of these texts provides a unique viewpoint of an early civilization.   In both of the texts, one can learn not only stories about great heroes, but also about the way that these peoples lived and what they believed.   Many interesting parallels can be drawn between the two developing societies shown in the Odyssey and the book ofRead More A Comparison of Homeric Formalism in The Iliad and The Odyssey1339 Words   |  6 PagesHomeric Formalism in The Iliad and The Odyssey Much that is terrible takes place in the Homeric poems, but it seldom takes place wordlessly... no speech is so filled with anger or scorn that the particles which express logical and grammatical connections are lacking or out of place. (from Odysseus Scar by Erich Auerbach)    In his immaculately detailed study comparing the narrative styles of Homer to those of the Bible, Erich Auerbach hits upon one of the most notable intriguesRead MoreThe Epic Of Homer s Odyssey1433 Words   |  6 PagesHomer’s Odyssey makes use of its epic qualities to narrate the lives of three men. The tale begins with Telemachus, a young prince who leaves his homeland to learn about his father and about himself at the same time. Through the use of this initial event, Homer creates a chronological structure that is further observed through the introduction of the story’s main character, Odysseus, the king of Ithaca and the father of Telemachus. Both father and son long to see each other after a decade of separationRead MoreEssay about Free Will and Fate in the Odyssey1574 Words   |  7 PagesHomer’s View of Free Will and Fate in the Odyssey Free will and fate are both prominent in the Odyssey. In the Odyssey, free will is depicted whenever characters make decisions. In example, Odysseus blinds the Cyclops, Polyphemus. Fate, in the Odyssey, is the consequences that are dealt out due to certain actions. In the case of Odysseus and Polyphemus, the consequence is that when Odysseus is on a ship heading home to reach Ithaca, Poseidon, being the father of Polyphemus, sends a storm atRead MoreJulius Caesar and The Odyssey Comparative Essay700 Words   |  3 PagesJulius Caesar and The Odyssey Comparative Essay Throughout William Shakespeare’s play Julius Caesar and Homer’s epic poem The Odyssey, loyalty is strongly presented as a major motif. In both texts, loyalty is highly valued as one of the most important traits to a person’s character. Not only do the loyal characters receive better fates, but those who are not loyal are punished for the actions, usually through revenge. In Julius Caesar, the characters that remained loyal to Caesar are the few whoRead More Descent to the Underworld in the Aeneid by Virgil and the Odyssey by Homer1534 Words   |  7 PagesAeneid and the Odyssey I chose to compare the Odyssey written by the Greek poet Homer and the Aeneid by the Roman poet Virgil. I will focus my interest on Book 11 of the Odyssey and Book 6 of the Aeneid, since that is when both of the main characters make an educational visit to the underworld. The description of the underworld created by Homers wild imagination, inspired Virgil eight centuries later. Virgils masterpiece was planned as an imitation of Homers poems, so

French Vocabulary Lesson Hobbies, Sports, Games

Many people have a favorite pastime or two, including sports, games, or other hobbies. Since you are studying French, learn how to talk about your favorites as you expand your vocabulary in the realm of fun activities.  When you have completed this lesson, continue to expand your sports vocabulary  and have even more fun. Hobby, Sports, and Games The specific translations for the terms hobby, sports, and games are as follows: Hobby le passe-temps favorisSports   des sportsGames    jeux Expand your French vocabulary related to these terms by perusing the tables below. In the tables, the word is presented first in English in the left column to make it easier to find the term you need. The French translation for each term is listed in the right column. Many of the French words are linked to audio files. Simply click on the link to listen to the correct pronunciation of the term. Sports, Games and To Play Many of the terms in this section are similar to the English words with which you are already familiar. To speak about the action of playing these sports, use the verb   jouer  au  (to play)  before the name of the sport, as in: To play chess   jouer  aux  Ãƒ ©checsTo play basketball    jouer  au basket English French basketball le basket football le football amà ©ricain soccer le football or le foot hockey le hockey tennis le tennis chess les à ©checs Hobbies and To Make/Do This next set of activities includes sports, hobbies, and other things you might do in your free time. The one thing that they have in common is that they use the verb  faire  (to make or to do). In most cases, you will combine the verb  faire de with the noun, as in: To garden  Ã‚  faire du  jardinageTo ride a bike   faire du  và ©lo However, in some instances, you have the option of using a form of the noun itself when you speak about performing that activity. Those special cases are noted in the fourth column of the chart. For instance, you can say faire  la cuisine  or  cuisiner,  which both mean to cook. English French Noun Use with Or use biking le cyclisme, le và ©lo faire de cooking la cuisine faire cuisiner gardening le jardinage faire de jardiner hiking la randonnà ©e faire de hunting la chasse faire chasser jogging le jogging faire de reading la lecture faire lire sailing la voile faire skiing le ski faire de skier swimming la natation faire de nager television (TV) la tà ©là ©vision (la tà ©là ©) regarder wrestling la lutte faire de lutter Other Hobbies and Verbs The following activities use verbs other than  jouer  au  and  faire. The same rules apply to this set as has been discussed previously, as in this phrase: To go fishing -  aller  Ãƒ  Ã‚  pà ªcher  or pà ªcher English French Noun Use with Or use dancing la danse danser fishing la pà ªche aller à   (to go) pà ªcher television (TV) la tà ©là ©vision (la tà ©là ©) regarder (to watch) a movie un film regarder (to watch) music la musique à ©couter (to listen), jouer de (to play)

Fact Sheet About Poisoning From Ricin Toxin

Ricin is a potent toxin extracted from castor beans. There is a lot of fear and misinformation associated with this poison. The purpose of this fact sheet is to help separate fact from fiction regarding ricin poisoning. What Is Ricin? ). It is so powerful a poison that the US Centers for Disease Control (CDC) estimate the lethal dose in humans is about the size of a grain of salt (500 micrograms injected or inhaled). How Is Ricin Used as a Poison? What Are the Symptoms of Ricin Poisoning? InhalationSymptoms from ricin inhalation would include coughing, shortness of breath, and nausea. Fluid would begin to accumulate in the lungs. Fever and excessive sweating would be likely. Low blood pressure and respiratory failure could lead to death. IngestionEating or drinking ricin would produce cramping, vomiting, and bloody diarrhea leading to extreme dehydration. Bleeding from the stomach and intestines would occur. The victim may experience hallucinations, seizures, and bloody urine. Eventually (usually after several days) the liver, spleen, and kidneys could fail. Death would result from organ failure. InjectionInjected ricin produces swelling and pain in the muscles and lymph nodes near the site of the injection. As the poison worked its way outward, internal bleeding would occur and death would result from multiple organ failure. How Is Ricin Poisoning Detected and Treated? How Does Ricin Work? What Should You Do If You Suspect Ricin Poisoning? If you believe you have been exposed to ricin you should move away from the location of the poison. Seek immediate medical attention, explaining to the medical professional that you believe you were exposed to ricin and the circumstances of the event. Remove your clothing. Cut off clothing rather than pulling it over your head, to minimize further exposure. Remove and discard contact lenses. Glasses may be thoroughly washed with soap and water and re-used. Wash your entire body with soap and water.

The Role Of Professional Networking And How It Can Assist...

Career Development: Networking Networking is an important part of career development and has been around for a many years. However, how individuals network has changed dramatically over the last few years with the inventions of social media sites like LinkedIn and Facebook. This paper will discuss the role of professional networking and how it can assist with career development. Networking Professional networking is about making and maintaining relationships with individuals who could benefit one’s career. By talking with individuals, getting to know more about them and their professional position, learning about their jobs and career experiences, and maintaining the relationships are all part of networking (PSU, 2015). There are multiple ways to network; individual face to face communication, through social media sites like LinkedIn and Facebook, or through professional organizations. One type of networking is used to gain information and knowledge about a particular career or job. For a student or someone who is changing career paths, just getting to know an individual in a position that is being sought is networking. Being able to garner information about that person’s experiences may be sufficient for the individual to know if that is a career path they want to follow, or conversely, the information gained may be sufficient enough for the ind ividual to know that it is a path they are no longer interested in (PSU, 2015). Networking most generallyShow MoreRelatedCareer Counseling Essay1580 Words   |  7 PagesThe career services professional supports the educational mission of a college by assisting students to develop, evaluate, and pursue career aspirations with the goal of securing employment. Career services professionals accomplish these goals with a range of programs, counseling and services designed to help students make the connection between the academic environment and the workplace. Career Counseling, or Career Services depending on the institution, is frequently offered on a one-on-oneRead Morea professional nursing organization that relates to the nursing profession or...1003 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿A membership in a professional association can often be an excellent source of employment information and job leads. Here is how membership in one can assist you with job hunting and your long-term career development: 1. Networking The number one benefit of a membership in an association is networking. Participation in a national, state, regional or local chapter will open you up to additional contacts. Since members of the association are in your field of interest, they may be able to give youRead MoreHow The Global Expansion Can Be Daughting Task995 Words   |  4 PagesTrying to position one ’s self above others in today’s job market can be daughting task. Companies continue to expand globally, expanding markets while trying to incorporate better process and more efficiency. The global expansion has not only opened up new customer markets, but it has also opened up the Human Resource pool. There is less and less regional positions, most professional level jobs are advertised throughout the nation if not globally. The internet has provided the opportunity toRead MoreProfessional Position Tend To Obtain.Post-Graduation I1449 Words   |  6 Pages Professional position tend to obtain Post-graduation I plan to work in Human Resources and become a recruiter at a staffing agency. What is drawing me to this field is not the money, but the ability to help those who are in need of finding a job. I really enjoy working with others and improving their lives, by making a positive impact. Functions and responsibilities in this position Human resources recruiters develop and implement recruiting plans and strategies designed toRead MoreMy Career Goals For Students With Community Outreach Programs1067 Words   |  5 Pages My major is professional development. I enjoy engaging and building rapport with people and understanding their values to make a difference to better their environment. In education I have learned to encourage others, explore and use interactive activities to demonstrate various ways to experience diversity. Interdisciplinary studies allows me to analyze, educate, and integrate cultural in a diverse communities. This semester I am taking an introduction to interdisciplinary studies, an interpersonalRead MoreAmerican Health Information Management Association Essay818 Words   |  4 Pagesand leads the health informatics and information management community to advance professional practice and standards† (the American Health Information Management Association, 2010). This is a fabulous professional association to belong to for anyone who works in healthcare, but its focus primarily adheres to those individuals in health care management and medical coding and data safety. AHIMA is a worldwide professional association of recognized leaders in health information management, informaticsRead MoreAnalytical Paper : Leadership And Leadership Development1395 Words   |  6 Pagesschools, leadership is the most valuable resource a school has. The school’s leadership team has the responsibility of developing a vision and mission, organize logistics, resolve problems, and influence all stakeholders. Principals have a significant role in their school as the school’s educational leader. They are responsible for ensuring strategies and systems are in place to support diverse learning. For many principals, they look for potential leaders to be apart of their leadership team in orderRead MoreMentoring : A Integrated Mentoring Program1324 Words   |  6 Pagesdevelop them, and pass on their practical expertise and professional knowledge to personnel who are committed to advancement and success (United States, 1995). A thriving mentoring program wi ll enhance our overall professionalism and help meet the future needs of our organization. In my current job, I am charged with implementing a mentoring program where officers, enlisted personnel, and civilian employees can pass on not only career development guidance to junior personnel, but also the principlesRead MoreCareer Fields Of Interest Using Free Online Tools1288 Words   |  6 Pagesand research career fields of interest using free online tools like Get My Future and My Next Move. Both tools enable youth to self-assess their interests and learn about various industries as well as how to write a resume, get work experience/ job training and other assistance.. Postsecondary credentials and work-based learning are important aspects of youth career development. Once your organization is aware of the youth’s potential career interests, you can invite professionals from postsecondaryRead MoreMy Motivation For Applying Of Hacu Is Fueled By My Fantastic Previous Hacu Experience Essay1217 Words   |  5 PagesBenefit Guaranty Corporation (PBGC) as an accounting/auditing intern. My experience with HACU was life changing; it opened my eyes to the world of numerous government careers by having the opportunity to connect and speak with government workers of all departments and agencies that gave me insight as to what I want to do with my career. While speaking with these different departments, the most memorable department leaders were in the management analyst and human resources department. I was allowed

The Secret Circle The Hunt Chapter 7 Free Essays

For a dance in the school gymnasium, the Spring Fling wasn’t bad. The walls were camouflaged with cheerful decorations and multicolored streamers. Twinkling lights hung from the ceiling like shooting stars. We will write a custom essay sample on The Secret Circle: The Hunt Chapter 7 or any similar topic only for you Order Now The basketball hoops were tied back and filled with bright, pungent flowers – primroses, tulips, and chrysanthemums – masking the smell of adolescent sweat. The gym had been completely transformed. As promised, Adam had matched his bow tie to Cassie’s pink halter dress perfectly. She fiddled with its knot now, straightening it solely as an excuse to touch him. â€Å"Would you get me a glass of punch?† she asked. â€Å"Or else I might have to start kissing you.† Adam grinned. â€Å"I’ll be right back.† Cassie stood alone for a moment and gazed around the gymnasium. Everyone from the Circle had come except for Faye and Laurel, and Melanie, who thought Laurel would need moral support being cooped up with Faye. Cassie thought about giving them a call to check in and see how they were doing, but then Nick appeared before her. â€Å"You look beautiful,† he said. He’d caught Cassie by surprise, so she laughed, embarrassed. â€Å"Thank you. You don’t look half bad yourself.† Nick stared down at himself, wearing his regular jeans, T-shirt, and leather jacket. â€Å"I didn’t really dress for the occasion,† he said. â€Å"But this is a clean shirt, so I guess that’s something.† Cassie laughed again and a sudden warmth came to her cheeks. â€Å"Do you feel like dancing?† Nick asked. Cassie hesitated. An air of mischief crept into Nick’s face. â€Å"I’m only asking because I know you, Cassie Blake, came here with a very specific mission to have some fun tonight. I couldn’t let you go home a failure.† â€Å"Then how could I possibly say no?† Cassie allowed Nick to lead her onto the dance floor. Whatever song the band was playing was loud and boisterous, nothing Cassie recognized, but it felt good to let her guard down and just enjoy the music – to enjoy the simple pleasure of being a girl at a dance. Nick skipped and bopped about trying to amuse her. She knew he actually hated dancing and that this was all for her benefit. Cassie appreciated the effort and followed his lead, synchronizing her steps to his until together they were making quite a scene. From the dance floor Cassie saw that Adam had returned with her punch, and Diana was behind him with a glass for herself. Nick dashed for them, took the cups from their hands to set them aside, and then pulled them onto the dance floor, too. Deborah and Suzan were quick to join in, and before Cassie knew it, Nick had single-handedly altered the energy of the whole group. They were all being silly, rambunctiously bumping into their classmates on the dance floor, infuriating them in the process. It made Cassie remember when she and Nick were together, and how sometimes his refusal to take anything seriously was just the thing she needed to get out of her own head and start having a good time. Then the music changed to a slow song – one of Cassie’s favorites. She looked at Adam, hoping he would ask her to dance, but she noticed his attention was elsewhere. He was watching someone. â€Å"Max is here,† he said. â€Å"Act natural.† â€Å"Whatever that means,† Nick mumbled under his breath. He turned around and cut through the crowd toward the punch bowl. Their merriment was nothing more than a lingering memory. â€Å"It’s supposed to be our night off,† Suzan said, pouting. â€Å"Remember? No policing tonight.† But Cassie knew it was only a matter of time before the Spring Fling became about Circle business, just like everything else. Come to think of it, she was surprised it had taken this long. The group dutifully exited the dance floor and gathered near the back wall. Max sauntered over to them with his usual air of confidence. He was dressed in a black shirt, black pants, and a necktie as brilliantly green as his eyes. â€Å"Hey,† he said, greeting Diana first, as always. â€Å"Is Faye around? I can’t find her.† â€Å"Didn’t she tell you?† Diana said. â€Å"Faye’s got a terrible cold.† â€Å"Oh,† Max said, disappointed. â€Å"No, I didn’t know. She hasn’t answered any of my calls.† When Max pouted, his features softened, bringing out the boyish charm to his face. Diana frowned sympathetically. â€Å"Don’t take it personally. She’s been knocked out on decongestants since yesterday. I bet she turned her phone off.† Cassie couldn’t tell if Max was buying Diana’s story or not. She thought he looked more confused than skeptical, but Diana must have sensed some suspicion in him because she didn’t stop there. â€Å"Just because Faye’s not here doesn’t mean your night should be ruined,† Diana said to him. Max cracked a sideways, hopeful smile. â€Å"Dance with me,† Diana said. And before Max could even react, she grabbed him by the arm and hurried him to the dance floor. The band was still playing a slow song, so Diana clasped her arms around the back of Max’s neck and let him hold her lower back. Max gazed into Diana’s eyes as if he couldn’t believe his good fortune. All his arrogance and swagger had given way to a sturdy modesty, and he held Diana with care. Faye was the furthest thing from his mind, Cassie was sure of that. â€Å"I know we want to keep an eye on Max,† Adam said. â€Å"But this is ridiculous.† Cassie noticed Adam’s jaw tighten as he watched the couple dance. Diana was laughing, squeezing Max close, having what appeared to be a pretty good time. Cassie wouldn’t dare say so to Adam, but she couldn’t help but sense Diana wasn’t thinking about the Circle anymore. A few minutes later, Chris, Doug, and Sean turned up at Cassie’s side. â€Å"Do you see what I see?† Chris asked, and Cassie followed his gaze to the opposite side of the gym. It was Mr. Boylan, standing with his arms crossed in a finely cut dark suit, his gaze locked on Max and Diana on the dance floor. â€Å"He looks like he’s about to kill someone,† Doug said. â€Å"What should we do?† Just then Mr. Boylan turned the other way and stormed out of the gym. â€Å"Follow him,† Cassie said. The three of them – Chris, Doug, and Sean – bolted toward the exit without a moment’s hesitation. Cassie saw from the look on his face that Adam was anxious to join them. â€Å"This is my chance to search Mr. Boylan’s office,† he said. â€Å"For his relic.† So much for a night off, Cassie thought. But if Adam could steal Boylan’s relic from him it would be the equivalent of robbing him of his power. He couldn’t perform the killing curse without it. Cassie grazed Adam’s cheek with her hand and nodded. â€Å"It’s a good idea, but you shouldn’t go alone. You’ll need a lookout.† â€Å"We’ll go,† Deborah said. She and Suzan stepped forward, a little too anxiously. â€Å"We’ve been itching for something interesting to happen all night. Or at least I have.† She acknowledged Suzan, who was still sulking about being pulled from the dance floor. â€Å"Be careful,† Cassie said, as if it were an order. She was still a Circle leader, after all. â€Å"I’ll keep an eye on Diana and Max.† Adam gave Cassie’s hand a squeeze and then took off. Deborah and Suzan followed him toward the hallway that led to Mr. Boylan’s office. Cassie allowed herself a moment to breathe, to remind herself that though everything was suddenly happening so fast, it was all under control. Her control. Then Nick materialized from the crowd with another glass of punch for Cassie. â€Å"I’m pretty sure it’s not spiked,† he said. â€Å"But at this rate I think we can both at least count on a sugar high.† Then he noticed the expression on Cassie’s face. â€Å"What’s going on?† His dark brown eyes darted back and forth. â€Å"Where is everyone?† â€Å"Chris, Doug, and Sean are tailing Boylan. Adam, Deborah, and Suzan are searching his office.† â€Å"I thought we were here to take it easy,† Nick said. â€Å"Change of plan.† Cassie scoped the gymnasium for Diana’s blond hair and Max’s broad shoulders, but they’d gotten lost in the swarm of students. â€Å"Do you see Diana anywhere?† Nick inspected every couple on the dance floor then shook his head. â€Å"It’s too crowded. But I have an idea.† He ran to the punch table and, to the dismay of the servers, climbed up on top of it for a better view. He scanned the room back and forth and then he froze in place. His sharp features turned deathly serious. â€Å"Cassie,† he whispered, and jumped down. But before he could utter another word, Cassie caught sight of a wild mane of dyed-red hair. It was no hallucination this time. No paranoia. Right in the center of the crowd was Scarlett. Nick looked ready to pounce, but he didn’t move a muscle. â€Å"She’s casting a spell,† he said. Scarlett’s arms were rigid at her sides and her eyes were as black as marbles. She was muttering something under her breath, obviously some kind of dark magic. â€Å"We have to get you out of here,† Nick said. â€Å"Right now!† Cassie was smart enough not to argue. She and Nick rushed toward the nearest exit, but suddenly everyone around them started to act odd. Their necks went soft and their heads drooped down. Their classmates had all fallen into a stupor. Nick shot a look at Cassie. â€Å"What the heck is going on?† He positioned himself between Cassie and the nearest group blocking the exit. Whatever Scarlett was doing seemed to be affecting everyone but Cassie and Nick. But it soon became clear that their classmates were simply collateral damage. With them out of the way, Scarlett now had a clear shot at her intended target. She redirected all her wicked mumbling straight at Cassie: Spirant ultimus spiritus Ultimus spiritus vitae Suddenly all the air rushed out of Cassie’s lungs and she couldn’t inhale any more in. It was like a clamp had fastened around her throat, blocking her breath. She brought her hands to her neck and turned to Nick. There was no breath to enable a scream. Nick ran to her as if it were a simple piece of food lodged in her throat, as if the Heimlich maneuver could save her – but there was nothing he could do. And with their stupefied classmates crowding every exit, there was no way to escape. Cassie’s head spun from the lack of oxygen. She reached out for Nick as she fell to the gymnasium floor. How to cite The Secret Circle: The Hunt Chapter 7, Essay examples

Oil & Gas Exploration - Production - and Distribution

Question: The Impact of the Oil and Gas Exploration/Production/Distribution on the Environment. As an environmental consultant, your role is to provide guidelines and information on issues related to the impact of the oil and gas exploration, production and distribution on the environment. Analyse and discuss how this kind of impact can be prevented, if not, minimised. Answer: Introduction Oil and gas exploration is the process of searching hydrocarbon production under the earths services, which are mainly known as petroleum products. This process has to be in existence for over a century to sustain the demand of petroleum products that are used in several tasks. Hydrocarbon exploration is categorised in the branch of petroleum geology, which is among the largest mining exploratory processes. Different oil and gas exploration methods are currently exercised in this particular field to ensure that the extraction of petroleum is successful. For any particular areas to be subjected to the exploration, various processes must be undertaken to prove that there are high levels of hydrocarbon deposits. Some of these processes include; magnetic survey, gravity survey and seismic reflection to check whether the sub-surface geology is in large amounts (Howard et al., 2014). Despite the numerous advantages of oils and gas exploration in the community, there are some negative impacts on the environment. Based on previous research work, the entire process of oil exploration, production and distribution have posed several dangers to the environment, thus causing water, air, and soil pollution. The community has been focusing more on the importance of petroleum production, thus forgetting to handle the negative impacts experienced. Some environmental organisations have developed interventions to deal with such issues, but these plans and methods have gained little support from the authorities (Mariano and La Rovere, 2007). Therefore, this paper will outline the negative effects of exploration, production, and distribution of oil and gas on the atmosphere, specifically of air pollution. Environmental impacts on air pollution During the exploration of the oil and gas exploration, some emissions reduce the quality of the air in the surrounding environment. These emissions are as a results dust produced from the vehicles moving around the place, earth movers used, seismic surveys, testing, and completion of the wells. There are also pollutants that are emitted into the space such as nitrogen oxides, sulphur oxide, particulates, carbon monoxide among other volatile organic compounds. Some of these compounds combine to create ground ozone such as the volatile organic compounds and the nitrogen oxides (Jean-Pierre and Favennec, 2011). Dangers are also posted by the distribution processes, which includes the piping leakages and spillages from trucks. Fire tragedies have been frequently observed as a result of these spillages, thus leading to the emission of carbon monoxide into the atmosphere. In the petroleum production firms, the refining process of turning crude oil into petroleum products leads to the emission of toxins into the environment that is dangerous to the living things (TEEIC, 2014). The machines that are used in the exploration and production companies produces a lot of sounds that caused to noise pollution. People living in these areas are at risk of suffering from hearing problems because these sounds are unfriendly. Blasting, seismic activities, drilling, earth movers and traffic are among the sources of the noise. Carbon dioxide is produced in the process of burning gasoline, thus increasing the volume of greenhouse gases atmosphere, which increases the rate of global warming. The natural oil and gas processes lead to the emission of methane gas into the environment, due to incomplete combustion. Although, the rate of oil and gas combustion cannot be compared with coal, carbon dioxide, and methane gases are emitted in the processes. Based on environmental research works, methane contributes the highest percentage of air pollution in the society. Other hazardous air pollutants result from the oil and gas operation such as certain hydrocarbons and sulphide. Among these compounds, benzene is included, which is known as a human carcinogen. Benzene has been detected in several areas around natural gas production such as in Colorado and Texas, thus concluding that it is emitted in these particular processes (Kharaka and Dorsey, 2005). Formaldehyde is another hazardous pollutant that is emitted by compressors engines, and it has been perceived as a factor contributing to health issues, although there little studies that have correlated such pollutants with societal effects. Due to the air pollution resulted in air and oil operations, the neighbourhood residents have reported complaints from residents about cases such as dizziness, skin irritation, headaches, neurological and respiratory problems (Nasen, Noble, and Johnstone, 2011). The effects discussed above are the most experienced air pollution sourced from gas and oil operations. Ministries that are dealing with the exploration, production and distribution of oil and gases are working on projects that can reduce these negative effects in the society. Technology improvements in these operations are the only refuge, which can be used to lower the intensity of the effects perceived from these activities (Khan and Islam, 2007). Preventive measures for the impacts The operational processes of the oil and gas exploration, production and distribution activities should be reviewed to create more proactive and effective methods that are less harmful to the environment. Pollution prevention is a task that should be undertaken through a combination of efforts between the producers, government, and the private sector (Matanovic, Gaurina-Medimurec and Simon, 2013). Several methodologies can be used to reduce the effects of poisonous emissions to the atmosphere and noise pollution that disturbs the residents. Achieving a pollution-free environment, the society will be cleaner and eco-efficient (Exploration and Production, 2016). The atmospheric emissions have been reduced through the adoption of the latest and improved technologies that have been developed by engineering researchers (Xu et al., 2015). These technological developments have been conducted in search for better approaches to reducing the emissions, which will reduce the rate of air pollution from the oil and gas operations (E. Ite et al., 2013). Firstly, the technological improvements in the valve design and maintenance systems have reduced emissions fugitive contents. Also, improved design of the flare has raised the combustion efficiency, reducing the chance of harmful gases being emitted. The turbines gas have been made more efficient after consideration of their optimizations (Mariano and La Rovere, 2007). Other effective technologies have been generated to improve the power efficiency in the exploration, production and distribution processes. Some of these technologies are; compressor and pump optimisation, heat recovery for waste, electric power distribution, steam injection, and combined cycle generation among other technologies. Some of these improvements will help reduce noise pollution, which has been previously could by generators, compressors and explosions among others. For instance, if machines that are using fuel are replaced with those customised for electricity, the sound produced will be reduced. Technologies that are improving the efficiency of combustion are also being introduced into the industry. For instance, combustion of nitrogen oxides has been improved by the introduction of selective catalytic reduction technology and dry low NOx technology (Khan and Islam, 2007). The emission of carbon oxides into the atmosphere can also be prevented by employing some approaches into the storage and distribution of the petroleum products. For instance, cases of spillages on the piping systems should be reduced by creating an efficient maintenance system. Therefore, the probability of experiencing fire explosion caused by oil spillages in the pipes will be minimized. It is through the reduction of the fire tragedies when the amounts of carbon oxides emitted into the atmosphere will be reduced. Transportation of oil products by roads should be minimized, especially for long distance to reduce the cases of accidents that lead to explosions. It is the responsibility of all the government and the organisations dealing with oil and gas to ensure that they are operating under safe basis. Otherwise, these will be a lot of environmental effects that lead to discomfort for the residents and the world as a whole (Matanovic, Gaurina-Medimurec and Simon, 2013). Some of the effects such as global warming are long-term and without control, the side effects might outdo the benefits. More technological developments are required to solve the remaining of air pollution caused by oil and gas operations. Intentional emission of poisonous gas contents into the atmosphere should be condemned and violators judged under the law. Efficient technological approach The community has suffered a lot of negative effects caused by oil and gas operations. There are specific technological approaches that can be used to minimize the effects of petroleum exploration and its usage. The drilling technologies can be made efficient, thus reducing effects such as noise pollution to the society (E. Ite et al., 2013). Technological approaches can be developed to capture hazardous gases emitted from the process. Such of these technologies might include processes which mix these gases with other compounds to form useful of non-harmful substances. Currently, scientists have concentrated on creating cars, which do not depend on fuel to operate. Other sources of energy such as the sun and electricity have been the main focus for the scientists. It has not been clearly identified how the energy can be stored and made efficient for the vehicles. If such technological developments are created, the society will experience a cleaner environment, without pollution caused by emitted gases from motors that use petroleum. Technological methods of controlling and monitoring the oil and gas firms should be developed and implemented. Human beings will always make errors and there some mistakes that will always be assumed, but they cause a lot of effect to the environment. For instance, the setting of a valve might not be accurately configured, thus letting emission of large amounts of hazardous particles into space. In contrast, using a programmed software that has monitored certainty levels, it will be easy to identify errors in the configuration of the delicate sections (Bahadori, 2014). Emergencies will also identify effectively, thus enhancing the response speed and time. All these technological approaches will be economical, socially and environmentally effective. Monitoring scheme Projects and schemes that have been implemented need to be monitored and evaluated to be informed about the progress conditions. The stakeholders are responsible for generating the monitoring scheme, which is the government, investors in the oil and gas operations and the environmental protection association. For the case of the effective technological approaches, there should be monitoring schemes that evaluate every aspect. For instance, development of electric or solar cars can be monitored by the technological body that has implemented the idea, with the assistance of the respective governments. Secondly, installation of technological systems that controls the exploration, production and distribution processes will be monitored by the respective managements. A maintenance system should be created to reduce the chances of failures that may pose a great danger to the environment. In every technological approach created towards the air pollution led by oil and gas operations, an eff ective monitoring scheme should be developed to maintain the efficiency and effectiveness of the processes. Critical analysis of Refining, Marketing Retail Distribution The refining process of the stage when the crude oil is processed into usable products for the customer/consumers. These final products include jet oil, gasoline, heating oil, and diesel among others. The oil refining processes include several activities such as catalytic reforming, vacuum distillation, alkylation, hydrotreating, catalytic cracking, and isomerization. Natural gas is also processed through glycol hydration, amine treating, and compression processes. This method separates the mixtures of the compounds to form the required natural gases, which are then stored separately. Some of the gases that are formed from the petroleum include butane, ethane, isobutane, propane, and natural gasoline among others. Through the marketing channels, these petroleum products are marketed and purchased from the companies or distributed nearer to the customers. The main transportation channels include tanker, pipeline, rail, and truck. Pipelines are cost efficient and economical for long di stance although truck and rail are used such situations. Conclusion and Recommendations In conclusion, oil and gas operations should be performed safely to minimize negative effects on the environment. Individuals who are involved in the oil and gas business should understand the environmental impacts of all the operations so that they can develop solutions for the benefit of the community. Therefore, it will be profitable to implement the existing preventive measures as more research results are being generated to provide solutions to underlying problems. The technological approaches for reducing the negative effects discussed above should be implemented and monitored for maximum outcomes in the oil industry. The government should develop policies, which firmly protect the environment against industrial emissions. This approach will help control recklessness on the oil and gas operations. References Bahadori, A. (2014). Pollution control in oil, gas and chemical plants. Cham: Springer International Publishing. Ite, A., J. Ibok, U., U. Ite, M. and W. Petters, S. (2013). Petroleum Exploration and Production: Past and Present Environmental Issues in the Nigerias Niger Delta. ENV, 1(4), pp.78-90. Exploration and Production. (2016). Oil and Energy Trends, 41(2), pp.26-26. Howard, R., Wells, C., Michot, T. and Johnson, D. (2014). Effects of Disturbance Associated With Seismic Exploration for Oil and Gas Reserves in Coastal Marshes. Environmental Management, 54(1), pp.30-50. Jean-pierre favennec, N. and Favennec, J. (2011). OIL AND GAS EXPLORATION AND PRODUCTION 3RD EDITION. Paris: Technip. Khan, M., and Islam, R. (2007). True sustainability in technological development and natural resource management. New York: Nova Science Publishers. Kharaka, Y. and Dorsey, N. (2005). Environmental issues of petroleum exploration and production: Introduction. Environ. Geosci. 12(2), pp.61-63. Mariano, J. and La Rovere, E. (2007). Oil and gas exploration and production activities in Brazil: The consideration of environmental issues in the bidding rounds promoted by the National Petroleum Agency. Energy Policy, 35(5), pp.2899-2911. Maslennikov, S. and Potapov, S. (2004). Gas-Distribution Stations and Means of Their Automation. Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, 40(3/4), pp.138-142. Matanovic, D., Gaurina-Medimurec, N. and Simon, K. (2013). Risk analysis for prevention of hazardous situations in petroleum and natural gas engineering. Pennsylvania: IGI Global. Nasen, L., Noble, B. and Johnstone, J. (2011). Environmental effects of oil and gas lease sites in a grassland ecosystem. Journal of Environmental Management, 92(1), pp.195-204. Natural Gas Production. (2013). Oil and Energy Trends, 38(8), pp.29-31. Natural Gas Production. (2014). Oil and Energy Trends, 39(1), pp.24-26. Shannon, P. (1993). Oil and gas in Ireland - exploration, production, and research. FB, 11(1272). TEEIC, (2014). Oil and Gas Exploration Impacts. [Online] Teeic.indianaffairs.gov. Available at: https://teeic.indianaffairs.gov/er/oilgas/impact/explore/index.htm [Accessed 17 Jul. 2016]. Xu, B., Bai, Y., Chen, G. and Feng, R. (2015). The impact of engineering parameters on shale oil and gas production: theory and practice. "Proceedings" of "Oil Gas Scientific Research Projects" Institute, SOCAR, (2), pp.24-31.

Demonstration of Architectural Creativity †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Demonstration of Architectural Creativity. Answer: Introduction: The colosseum was designed and constructed with the main aim of hosting gladiator shows coupled with a taste of beauty and style. The amphitheater and the shows it hosted were a symbol of roman culture management (Hopkins 2011). It was meant to be the largest the largest amphitheater in the Roman world with a crowd capacity of around 50,000 people. The entire building was a marvel, located in the middle of the city of Rome. The construction of the building began during the reign of Vespasian and ended when his son was on the reign in 80 AD. The arena is oval shaped and features a storied concrete building complete with rows of seats. Under the arena, there was provision of all services required for the shows such as animal cages, tools and stores(Coarelli 2007). Normally, a fence would be raised when wild animals were inside the arena so as to prevent the animals from ambushing spectators. The designed incorporate the construction of an underground passage linking the gladiator training school and the theatre for easy access. Glistening gold shields were used to decorate the top of the exterior of the structure. The exterior entrances were arched and the supporting columns were semi-circular. The styles of the columns varied depending on the story with i.e. the top columns were of ornate Corinthian order while the bottom were of simple Doric order. The colosseum was very different from other Greek and Roman Public buildings(Hopkins 2011). The exterior of the colosseum was a demonstration of architectural creativity coupled with beauty while the interior provided a platform for the showcase of Roman culture and sports. The colosseum stood as an icon of architectural design in the roman empire and its design was imitated throughout the empire(Welch 2007). Decoration V Purity of Form/Space Christian Gothic Churches such as the York Minster in the United Kingdom were made to inspire awe and reverence as a place of worship. The churches were grand and tall, graciously sweeping upwards with style, height. Gothic is derived from a tribe that was the epitome of power in Europe, the Goths. One of the most Iconic features of the style in Gothic churches was the pointed arches ribbed vaults. The ribbed vaults were shaped like the inside of a boat, hence believed to be a symbol representing the church as the place where Christians journey takes place(Spanswick 2014). The link between the Gothic structures and God is striking. Their grandiose nature was for the glory of God. Every rib vault is a symbol of a theological idea and each blind arcade represented a shrine of faith(Meades 2011). The smaller buildings were built of poor material compared to the larger ones that were better but still built based on the available resources and regional precedent management. The architectural style of the buildings was based on the ritual functions of the cathedrals as the seat of a bishop. It is in this churches that Christian practices such as bible reading, offering of prayers, celebration of the Eucharist, preaching of sermons and singing of hymns. Externally, the churches were decorated architecturally by use of tracery, arcading, columns and moldings(Wikipedia 2017). For churches that were made out of stone, sculptures were the most predominant form of decoration. The forbidden City was designed to be an icon of the imperial power and a reflection of philosophical and religious principle(Wikipedia 2017). It was to be the centre of the ancient Beijing City and was supposed to serve as the political and ritual capital of the ancient China. This made the architectural designers to follow the Confucian ideology that was responsible for holding the social fabric of the Chinese together. The layout of the city was such that the activities that were to be conducted were based on the participants social role. Ones position in the royal family determined their place in the courts of the Forbidden City(Peng 2015). The designers choice of architectural style featured the Chinese sense of society hierarchy. There designs relied on the state building standards of the 11th Century that provided design specification for different types of buildings depending on the social status in Chinese society(Peng 2015). The inner court had the residences of the servants, the relatives of the emperor and the emperor himself. There was an increase in the elevation as one moved towards the centre of the Forbidden City. The increase symbolized the emperors power(Jarzombek and Prakash 2010). The outer court was mainly for the public and the associated public ceremonies. Some of the symbolic designs incorporated in the Forbidden City include the use of yellow colour which was the emperors colour. This was evidenced by the use of yellow glazed tiles for roofing. Both the St. Peters Basilica and the Tempietto were part of the renaissance architecture. Renaissance architecture was practiced in Europe between the 14th and 17th centuries. In terms of style, it borrows from the previous Gothic architecture. The renaissance architecture emphasizes on the geometry, symmetry, regularity and proportion of parts. Elements of the building are arranged in an orderly manner and there was increased use of hemispherical domes niches, and semicircular arches. The use of renaissance architecture provided a platform for rational engagement with architecture management when people can engage and understand it more. The Tempietto was a perfect embodiment of this style of architecture designed by Bramante. The major emphasis is on the harmony of the proportions, the sobriety of the Doric order and the simplicity of the volumes. The plan section is circular, representing divine protection(Flon and Chambers 1984). The central dome of the St. Peters Basilica is conspicuous in Rome. The St. Peters square approaches the basilica with tall colonnades. The basilica is located at the other end of the square and is complete with huge columns. The long axis in the basilica is mainly focused onto the pulpit(Haris and Zucker 2014). In both buildings, the wall are decorated with columns blind arches and pediments. In the renaissance architecture, elements can be spilt into precision. For example, both of the buildings discussed have facades that can be split symmetrically about the vertical axis. Renaissance Symmetry and portioning is evident throughout the entire structure for example, the arches and the system of pilasters can be proportioned. The position of the windows and columns indicate progression to the middle. The design of the pilgrimage church by Balthasar in Bamburg, Germany relied on the Baroque architecture. Baroque style of architecture started in the 16th Century and provided more insight into the form, light and dramatic intensity. It focused on emotion and senses as an approach to design and understanding of architecture. Neumann used a complex plan section that looked like a cross with a series of ovals(Kleiner 2013). The ceiling of the cathedral was provided with large window openings that would allow natural light to illuminate the interior. This was supplemented by the windows that also allowed light into the building. This light provided a spectacular sandstone faade to anyone inside the building together with a glorious and warm ambience. Construction of the pilgrimage church was started in 1743 and was completed in 1774. The interior of the building was a product of baroque architecture. The facades were highly decorated together with many curves. The Baroque style appeals to the emotions and feelings of the users and also provide a statement of wealth. More attention is paid to the decoration of a building rather than to the structures for support. The building is an architecture of joy, where there is complete illumination of the interior causing the beauty of the decorating columns to be visible to all, the alter is grand and stands triumphantly as a symbol of authority(Smith 1990). Historical Origins V Contemporary Innovation Colonial architecture was used by the first settlers in North America. The immigrants were from England and other European countries hence resulting to mixed concepts of architecture adopted depending on ones country of origin. Between 1770-1700, the Georgian style of architecture was the mainly used. It was a mongrel of the baroque, Neoclassical and Renaissance architecture. The White House, located in the United States capitol is an example of the Georgian architecture. The architects of this period(colonial) relied heavily on Old world architecture(Wikipedia 2017). Thomas Jefferson was one of the first architects who tried to come up with a unique design after the revolution war. He began a precedence of modifying old structures for modern use as can be seen in his design of the capital building in Richmond. Jefferson based his design on the Maison Carree, an ancient Roman building in Nimes, France(Kukla and Kukla 2005). He brought a new wave of neoclassicism that tainted the Georgian Architecture with the history of colonialism. Another of Jeffersons revolutionary architecture was the Monticello House. He borrowed from Andrea Palladio architectural designs. The building has four Tuscan columns, a dome, and central hall illuminated by natural light from above. Benjamin Latrobe was a strong proponent on stylistic purity in architectural design. He based his work on the Greek revival architecture(Cotter, Roberts and Parrington 1992). He designed the Bank of Pennsylvania in the state of Philadelphia in 1801 using this style. The design followed that of the iconic temples of Greece. Post revolution architecture was mixed. No one particular architectural style was followed. Each designer base his designed depending on their preference. Though some borrowed styles from other countries, some bold architects like Thomas Jefferson set out to come up with unique designs that would define the new nation. Bibliography Coarelli, Filippo. 2007. Rome and Environs: An Archeological Guide. Translated by James J Clauss and Daniel P Harmon. Berkley: University of California Press. Cotter, John L, Daniel G Roberts, and Michael Parrington. 1992. Buried Past:An Archeological History of Philadelphia. 1st. Harrisburg: University of Pennsylvania Press. Flon, Christine, and James Chambers, . 1984. The World Atlas of Architecture. Mitchell Beazley. Haris, Beth, and Stevene Zucker. 2014. Khan Academy. Accessed October 23, 2017. https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/renaissance-reformation/high-ren-florence-rome/bramante/a/bramante-etal-saint-peters-basilica. Hopkins, Keith. 2011. BBC-History. March 22. Accessed October 22, 2017. https://www.bbc.co.uk/history/ancient/romans/colosseum_01.shtml. Jarzombek, Mark M, and Vikramaditya Prakash. 2010. A Global History of Architecture. 2nd. John Wiley Sons. Kleiner, Fred S. 2013. Gardner's Art Through the Ages: A Global History. 14th. Boston: Clark Baxter. Kukla, Amy, and Jon Kukla. 2005. Thomas Jefferson: Life, Liberty and the Pursuit of Happiness. New York: Rosen Publishing. Meades, Jonathan. 2011. The Guardian. September 10. Accessed October 23, 2017. https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2011/sep/10/gothic-buildings-architecture. Peng, Ying-Chen. 2015. Khan Academy. Accessed October 23, 2017. https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/ap-art-history/south-east-se-asia/china-art/a/forbidden-city. Smith, G E Kidder. 1990. Looking at Architecture. New York: Harry N Abrams. Spanswick, Valerie. 2014. Khana Academy. Accessed October 23, 2017. https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/medieval-world/latin-western-europe/gothic1/a/gothic-architecture-an-introduction. Welch, Katherine E. 2007. The Roman Amphitheatre: From Its Origins to the Colosseum. New York, New York: Cambridge University Press.